(1) x3=−1x3+1=0(x+1)(x2−x+1)=0x=−1,1±1−42x=−1,1±3i2x^3 = -1 \qquad x^3 + 1 = 0 \qquad (x+1)(x^2-x+1) = 0 \qquad x = -1, \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1-4}}{2} \qquad x = -1, \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{3}i}{2}x3=−1x3+1=0(x+1)(x2−x+1)=0x=−1,21±1−4x=−1,21±3i (2) x3=8x3−8=0(x−2)(x2+2x+4)=0x=2,−1±1−4x=2,−1±3ix^3 = 8 \qquad x^3 - 8 = 0 \qquad (x-2)(x^2+2x+4) = 0 \qquad x = 2, -1 \pm \sqrt{1-4} \qquad x = 2, -1 \pm \sqrt{3}ix3=8x3−8=0(x−2)(x2+2x+4)=0x=2,−1±1−4x=2,−1±3i (3) x4−1=0(x2−1)(x2+1)=0(x−1)(x+1)(x2+1)=0x=±1,±ix^4 - 1 = 0 \qquad (x^2-1)(x^2+1) = 0 \qquad (x-1)(x+1)(x^2+1) = 0 \qquad x = \pm1, \pm ix4−1=0(x2−1)(x2+1)=0(x−1)(x+1)(x2+1)=0x=±1,±i