z=f(x,y)z = f_{(x,y)}z=f(x,y) x=a+btx = a+btx=a+bt y=c+dty = c+dty=c+dt x′=bx' = bx′=b y′=dy' = dy′=d dzdt=bdfdx+ddfdy\frac{dz}{dt} = b\frac{df}{dx} + d\frac{df}{dy}dtdz=bdxdf+ddydf d2zdt2=b2d2fdx2+2bdd2fdxdy+d2d2fdy2\frac{d^2z}{dt^2} = b^2\frac{d^2f}{dx^2} + 2bd\frac{d^2f}{dxdy} + d^2\frac{d^2f}{dy^2}dt2d2z=b2dx2d2f+2bddxdyd2f+d2dy2d2f