第7章 7.12

(1)

x4−5x2+4=0x^4-5x^2+4=0

(x2−4)(x2−1)=(x−2)(x+2)(x−1)(x+1)=0(x^2-4)(x^2-1)=(x-2)(x+2)(x-1)(x+1)=0

これから 解は x=±1x=\pm 1、±2\pm 2 となる

(2)

x4−3x2+1=0x^4-3x^2+1=0

x2=3±9−42=3±52x^2=\frac{3\pm\sqrt{9-4}}{2}=\frac{3\pm\sqrt5}{2}

x2=3+52=6+254=(a+5)24=a2+2a5+54a=1x^2=\frac{3+\sqrt5}{2}=\frac{6+2\sqrt5}{4}=\frac{(a+\sqrt5)^2}{4}=\frac{a^2+2a\sqrt5+5}{4}\qquad a=1

=(1+5)24=\frac{(1+\sqrt5)^2}{4}

x=±1+52x=\pm\frac{1+\sqrt5}{2}

x2=3−52=6−254=(a−5)24=a2−2a5+54a=1x^2=\frac{3-\sqrt5}{2}=\frac{6-2\sqrt5}{4}=\frac{(a-\sqrt5)^2}{4}=\frac{a^2-2a\sqrt5+5}{4}\qquad a=1

=(1−5)24=\frac{(1-\sqrt5)^2}{4}

x=±1−52x=\pm\frac{1-\sqrt5}{2}

これから解は x=±1±52x=\dfrac{\pm1\pm\sqrt5}{2}

(3)

(x2+3x−2)(x2+3x+4)=16(x^2+3x-2)(x^2+3x+4)=16

(x2+3x)2+2(x2+3x)−8=16(x^2+3x)^2+2(x^2+3x)-8=16

(x2+3x)2+2(x2+3x)−24=0(x^2 + 3x)^2 + 2(x^2 + 3x) - 24 = 0

(x2+3x+6)(x2+3x−4)=0(x^2 + 3x + 6)(x^2 + 3x - 4) = 0

(x2+3x+6)(x+4)(x−1)=0(x^2 + 3x + 6)(x + 4)(x - 1) = 0

x=−3±9−242,−4,1x = \frac{-3 \pm \sqrt{9 - 24}}{2}, -4, 1

x=−3±15 i2,−4,1x = \frac{-3 \pm \sqrt{15}\,i}{2}, -4, 1

解説: r31bn1z