(1)
x2−y2+2y−1=x2−(y−1)2=(x−y+1)(x+y−1)
(2)
x2−y2−4x−2y+3=(x−2)2−(y+1)2=(x+y−1)(x−y−3)
(3)
x4+x2−2=(x2+2)(x2−1)=(x2+2)(x−1)(x+1)
(4)
a4−10a2+9=(a2−9)(a2−1)=(a−3)(a+3)(a−1)(a+1)
(5)
(a+b)2−(a−b)2=a2+2ab+b2−a2+2ab−b2=4ab
(6)
(a2+b2)2−4a2b2=a4+2a2b2+b4−4a2b2=a4−2a2b2+b4=(a2−b2)2=(a+b)2(a−b)2